ADOLF HITLER
German Nazi dictator, born in Austria. He was Führer (leader) of the Nazi Party from 1921 and wrote Mein Kampf/My Struggle 1925-27. As chancellor of Germany from 1933 and head of state from 1934, he created a dictatorship by playing party and state institutions against each other and continually creating new offices and appointments.His position was not seriously challenged until the July Plot of 1944, which failed to assassinate him.
In foreign affairs, he reoccupied the Rhineland and formed an alliance with the Italian Fascist Benito Mussolini in 1936, annexed Austria in 1938, and occupied Sudeten under the Munich Agreement. The rest of Czechoslovakia was annexed in March 1939. The Ribbentrop-Molotov pact was followed in September by the invasion of Poland and the declaration of war by Britain and France. He committed suicide as Berlin fell.
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